Ағылшын тіліндегі JAPAN тақырыбы (топик)

Japan is located in the Pacific Ocean, east of Eurasia. North and South Korea are to the west of it, Russia - to the north.

Until recently, Japan was isolated from the outside world. In the 6th century, the country fell under the influence of its neighbour, China: it borrowed Buddhist religion and the Chinese system of imperial rule. But 200 years later, Chinese influence weakened, and the empire collapsed.

Until the 1870s, powerful aristocratic families and then the shoguns, the warlords ruled Japan on behalf of the emperor. In the XIII century, the Mongols tried unsuccessfully to conquer the country. The desire of Europeans to establish trade with Japan remained unanswered. But in the late 1860s, Japan itself turned its eyes to the West. For 50 years, it created a strong economy and restored the empire.

All of this was lost in World War II. However, Japan quickly recovered and became a rich country again. Elements of Western culture, high technology and the modern standard of living are naturally intertwined with ancient Eastern and religious traditions here. Most Japanese practice Buddhism and Shinto.

The head of state is the emperor, but the form of government is democratic. The largest city in Japan - the capital of Tokyo. Over 18 million people live in the city and suburbs in overcrowded conditions. A serious problem - exhaust gases and factory emissions into the atmosphere. The country takes effective measures against pollution.

Osaka is the third largest city in Japan. It is located on the south coast of the island of Honshu. It is the main centre of advanced steel, chemical and electrical industries. Osaka - one of the oldest cities in Japan. There are many Buddhist and Shinto temples.

The Japanese islands are the tops of the underwater mountain range. Steep mountain slopes, unsuitable for farming or construction cover three-quarters of the country. There are 125 million people in Japan. Most of the population lives in valleys or on a narrow coastal plain.

Kyushu is the southernmost of the large Japanese islands. The highest peak of this mountainous island is Mount Aso. Kyushu is the most densely populated island, it is connected to the island of Honshu by a railway tunnel under the Shimonoseki Strait. The largest cities of the island: Kagoshima, Nagasaki, Kumamoto.

The chain of the Ryukyu Islands extends 1,120 km south of Japan towards Taiwan. The largest of them - Okinawa, an area of more than 1165 square meters km, others are much smaller. The main population of the islands - the peasants who grow rice, sugar cane and sweet potatoes.

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